Definition of entrepreneurship:-
The capacity and willingness to develop, organize and manage a business venture along with any of its risks in order to make a profit. The most obvious example of entrepreneurship is the starting of new businesses.
In economics, entrepreneurship combined with land, labor, natural resources and capital can produce profit. Entrepreneurial spirit is characterized by innovation and risk- taking, and is an essential part of a nation's ability to succeed in an ever changing and increasingly competitive global marketplace.
An entrepreneur is a person who sets up a business or businesses, taking on financial risks in the hope of profit.
COTTAGE INDUSTRY DEFINITION
A cottage industry is a small-scale, decentralized manufacturing business often operated out of a home rather than a purpose-built facility. Cottage industries are defined by the amount of investment required to start, as well as the number of people employed. They often focus on the production of labor-intensive goods but face a significant disadvantage when competing with factory-based manufacturers that mass-produce goods.
COTTAGE INDUSTRIES:- They includes the following leather works, ceramics and pottery, bead making, tie and dye, hair weaving, painting, clothe weaving, etc.
SERVICE DELIVERY IN TOURISM
Meaning of service delivery:-
In order to get a better understanding of service delivery, one needs to separate the two words first. According to oxforddictionary.com, service is “The action of helping or doing work for someone” or “A system supplying a public need such as transport, communications, or utilities such as electricity and water.” In all the two scenarios, a need is being catered for. Delivery, on the other hand is defined as “the supply or provision of something”.
One can therefore define service delivery as the act of providing or supplying a need for someone, who may be a customer or client.
Service delivery in tourism:-
Service delivery in tourism would then refer to the supply of the needs of tourists from the time they are preparing to leave their country of abode through to when they land at their destination up to the time they depart back to their base. All these are to make the experience of the tourist a memorable one so as to encourage another visit or multiple visits.
SOME SERVICES PROVIDED TO TOURISTS
1) Tour guide:-
According to the World Federation of Tourist Guide Associations, a tourist guide is “A person who guides visitors in the language of their choice and interprets the cultural and natural heritage of an area which person normally possesses an area- specific qualification usually issued and/or recognized by the appropriate authority”.
A tour guide is to the tourist what the football commentator is to a person watching a football match on a television. The tour guide only carries the tourist along physically. The tour guide is the one with the information about the place that is visited. He or she has the facts and figures in addition to any other relevant information to answer any question that might be asked by the tourists.
2) Ticket retailers
Ticket retailing is another service provided in the tourist industry. This is a big business which entails receiving tickets from service providers at a discount and selling to the people who need it. It could be a ticket to Disney World, a ticket for a tour package, airline ticket etc.
3) Cooks
These are professionals that are very relevant to the tourism industry. Tourists are visitors away from their own kitchens and are therefore unable to cook their own foods. They have to, most of the time; eat at restaurants or other joints where food is sold. The cooks are employed to provide their services to restaurants which ultimately serve tourists.
4) Waiters
A waiter is a very important factor in the tourism industry. He or she waits on tables, especially in restaurants. One of the functions of a waiter is to take orders from a customer and deliver the exact order to the customer. The waiter or waitress, if it is a she, can also recommend food to the customer. Waiters are a main source of help to tourists, especially when they are visiting a country or a restaurant for the first time.
5) Photographers
A photographer can be described as a professional who takes pictures of individuals, groups and interesting places. A tourist may want to take memories of a place visited back home. This is where the services of a photographer comes in. With smartphones in vogue today, many people take their own pictures when they travel and are therefore able to capture great
moments of their visit. However, professional photographers are still important service providers to tourists because they can add their professional skills to the final product.
6) Cultural dancers (Choreographers)
One important element in tourism is the exhibition of the culture of the host country. Drumming and dancing forms part of the culture of the people. In order to showcase dance forms to tourists, dancers are needed. Folk groups are hired to perform to tourists at special events. Cultural dancers therefore offer their services to organizers of cultural performances and ultimately to tourists.
7) Drivers
Drivers also provide important services to tourists. Most tourists would not travel to destinations with their cars. They would depend on drivers to carry them from one place to
another. In many cases, there are tour buses that carry tourists around the city and showing them places of interest. Taxi drivers are crucial to the tourists. They know almost every nook and cranny of the towns and cities they operate in so they are able to take the tourists around.
8) Game guards
Game reserves are popular destinations for tourists. It affords them the opportunity to view,
at close range, the habitat and behaviour of animals. The game guards, whose duty it is to
patrol the game reserves and to monitor the animals, also help to take the tourists on a guided tour of the reserves and to offer protection against attacks from some of the wild animals.
9) Reservation officers
One of the functions of a reservation officer is to help a tourist or visitor to book for a stay in a hotel or facility. If there is any problem with a reservation that has already been done, the reservation officer is duty bound to call the customer and inform him or her about the change. Reservation Officers therefore provide services in the tourist sector and are therefore very important to the business of tourism.
SKILL ACQUISITION
Skill means the ability to do something well; expertise. While acquisition means the learning or developing of a skill, habit, or quality.
Skill acquisition is the ability to be trained on a particular task or function and become expert in it.
SKILL ACQUISITION CENTRES IN NIGERIA
1) Small and medium enterprises development agencies of Nigeria (SMEDAN)
2) National Directorate Of Employment (NDE)
3) National Institute for hospitality and tourism (NIHOTOUR)
4) Ushafa Pottery centre (FCT)
5) Other privately owned centres
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